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Following are the standard functions used to play with directories.
opendir DIRHANDLE, EXPR # To open a directory readdir DIRHANDLE # To read a directory rewinddir DIRHANDLE # Positioning pointer to the begining telldir DIRHANDLE # Returns current position of the dir seekdir DIRHANDLE, POS # Pointing pointer to POS inside dir closedir DIRHANDLE # Closing a directory.
Display all the Files
There are various ways to list down all the files available in a particular directory. First let”s use the simple way to get and list down all the files using the glob operator −
#!/usr/bin/perl # Display all the files in /tmp directory. $dir = "/tmp/*"; my @files = glob( $dir ); foreach (@files ) { print $_ . "n"; } # Display all the C source files in /tmp directory. $dir = "/tmp/*.c"; @files = glob( $dir ); foreach (@files ) { print $_ . "n"; } # Display all the hidden files. $dir = "/tmp/.*"; @files = glob( $dir ); foreach (@files ) { print $_ . "n"; } # Display all the files from /tmp and /home directories. $dir = "/tmp/* /home/*"; @files = glob( $dir ); foreach (@files ) { print $_ . "n"; }
Here is another example, which opens a directory and list out all the files available inside this directory.
#!/usr/bin/perl opendir (DIR, ''.'') or die "Couldn''t open directory, $!"; while ($file = readdir DIR) { print "$filen"; } closedir DIR;
One more example to print the list of C source files you might use is −
#!/usr/bin/perl opendir(DIR, ''.'') or die "Couldn''t open directory, $!"; foreach (sort grep(/^.*.c$/,readdir(DIR))) { print "$_n"; } closedir DIR;
Create new Directory
You can use mkdir function to create a new directory. You will need to have the required permission to create a directory.
#!/usr/bin/perl $dir = "/tmp/perl"; # This creates perl directory in /tmp directory. mkdir( $dir ) or die "Couldn''t create $dir directory, $!"; print "Directory created successfullyn";
Remove a directory
You can use rmdir function to remove a directory. You will need to have the required permission to remove a directory. Additionally this directory should be empty before you try to remove it.
#!/usr/bin/perl $dir = "/tmp/perl"; # This removes perl directory from /tmp directory. rmdir( $dir ) or die "Couldn''t remove $dir directory, $!"; print "Directory removed successfullyn";
Change a Directory
You can use chdir function to change a directory and go to a new location. You will need to have the required permission to change a directory and go inside the new directory.
#!/usr/bin/perl $dir = "/home"; # This changes perl directory and moves you inside /home directory. chdir( $dir ) or die "Couldn''t go inside $dir directory, $!"; print "Your new location is $dirn";
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