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Strings, which are widely used in Go programming, are a readonly slice of bytes. In the Go programming language, strings are slices. The Go platform provides various libraries to manipulate strings.
- unicode
- regexp
- strings
Creating Strings
The most direct way to create a string is to write −
var greeting = "Hello world!"
Whenever it encounters a string literal in your code, the compiler creates a string object with its value in this case, “Hello world!”.
A string literal holds a valid UTF-8 sequences called runes. A String holds arbitrary bytes.
package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
var greeting = "Hello world!"
fmt.Printf("normal string: ")
fmt.Printf("%s", greeting)
fmt.Printf("n")
fmt.Printf("hex bytes: ")
for i := 0; i < len(greeting); i++ {
fmt.Printf("%x ", greeting[i])
}
fmt.Printf("n")
const sampleText = "xbdxb2x3dxbcx20xe2x8cx98"
/*q flag escapes unprintable characters, with + flag it escapses non-ascii
characters as well to make output unambigous */
fmt.Printf("quoted string: ")
fmt.Printf("%+q", sampleText)
fmt.Printf("n")
}
This would produce the following result −
normal string: Hello world! hex bytes: 48 65 6c 6c 6f 20 77 6f 72 6c 64 21 quoted string: "xbdxb2=xbc u2318"
Note − The string literal is immutable, so that once it is created a string literal cannot be changed.
String Length
len(str) method returns the number of bytes contained in the string literal.
package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
var greeting = "Hello world!"
fmt.Printf("String Length is: ")
fmt.Println(len(greeting))
}
This would produce the following result −
String Length is : 12
Concatenating Strings
The strings package includes a method join for concatenating multiple strings −
strings.Join(sample, " ")
Join concatenates the elements of an array to create a single string. Second parameter is seperator which is placed between element of the array.
Let us look at the following example −
package main
import ("fmt" "math" )"fmt" "strings")
func main() {
greetings := []string{"Hello","world!"}
fmt.Println(strings.Join(greetings, " "))
}
This would produce the following result −
Hello world!
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