Category: drupal

Drupal Tutorial PDF Version Quick Guide Resources Job Search Discussion Drupal is a free and open source Content Management System (CMS) that allows organizing, managing and publishing your content. This reliable and secure CMS is built on PHP based environment and powers millions of applications and websites. This tutorial will teach you the basics of Drupal using which you can create a blog or a website with ease. Audience This tutorial has been prepared for anyone who has a basic knowledge of HTML and CSS and has an urge to develop websites. After completing this tutorial, you will find yourself at a moderate level of expertise in developing websites using Drupal. Prerequisites Before you start proceeding with this tutorial, we are assuming that you are already aware of the basics of HTML and CSS. If you are not aware of these concepts, then we suggest you to go through our short tutorials on HTML and CSS. Print Page Previous Next Advertisements ”;

Drupal – Blocks & Regions ”; Previous Next In this chapter, we will study about Drupal Blocks & Regions. Blocks are container objects that are used to organize your content of your website. It can be displayed in the regions on your page. Following are the simple steps for creating Drupal Blocks. Step 1 − Click Structure in Drupal as shown in the following screen. Step 2 − Then, click Blocks. Step 3 − Blocks page gets displayed. Click Add block. Step 4 − A block page will gets displayed to create a new custom block as shown in the following screen. The following fields appear on the Blocks page. Block Settings Block title − Enter the title for your block. Block description − Enter the description about block. Block body − Enter the content of the block. Text format − Select the format for your text i.e. Filtered HTML, Full HTML, and Plain text. Region Settings Bartik (default theme) − Select the region to display block in the theme. Seven (administration theme) − Select the region to display block in the administration theme. Visibility Setting Page − Allows displaying blocks on all or specific pages. Content Types − Allows to display the blocks in specific content, i.e. Article or Basic Page. Roles − Allows displaying the blocks for specific types of users, i.e. anonymous user, authenticated user, or administrator user. Users − Allows each user to customize the visibility of block in their settings. Now, click the Save block after filling all the fields. Step 5 − You can view the created block as shown in the following screen. Print Page Previous Next Advertisements ”;

Drupal – Order History ”; Previous Next Order history is dependent on the ordered products by the user after checkout. It includes history of the product which includes order number, user name, order status etc. You can view the order history of the product by using the following steps − Step 1 − Go to Store and click the Orders link. Step 2 − You will get the screen of the ordered products list. It contains fields such as − Order Number − It is the order number of product. Updated − It specifies when the product has been updated last. Name − It is the name of the user who has ordered the product. User − It is the account name of the user. It may be authenticated by user or admin. Total − It specifies total amount of the ordered product. Order Status − Defines the order status such as processing or pending or completed or cancelled. Operations − Here you can perform some operations on the product such as − View option displays the billing information and shipping information. Edit option allows to edit the price, shipping information, billing information etc. Delete option deletes the product order and payment option specifies paid amount for the product, date of expiry, etc.. Print Page Previous Next Advertisements ”;

Drupal – Setup Payments ”; Previous Next In this chapter, we will study how to set up Payments in Drupal. Payment is a process of paying money in exchange of goods, services or both to a company or a person. Following are the steps to set up payments in Drupal. Step 1 − Download the latest file of Basic Payment module and PayPal Payment module from the link and install in your Drupal site. Step 2 − Next, Enable the Basic Payment and PayPal Payment in Modules and click Save configuration. Step 3 − Click Configuration –> Payment as shown in the following screen. Step 4 − Click Payment methods. Step 5 − Then, click Add payment method. Step 6 − Click PayPal Payments Standard. Step 7 − You have to fill the form for PayPal payments. It contains the following fields − Title(specific) − Enter the specific title name. Title(generic) − Enter the generic title name. Owner − Enter the name of the owner. PayPal account email address − Enter your email address. Server − Select the server from either of the one i.e. Production or Sandbox. Capture − Select either of the one capture method i.e. Manual or Automatic. Step 8 − You can view the above created PayPal in the following list. Step 9 − Next, go to Structure –> Content Types. The following page will get displayed, click Add content type. Step 10 − Create a content type name as Products and save it. Step 11 − You can view the created Products content in the list. Click manage fields. Step 12 − Add a new field as Buy Now, Select Payment form for type of data from the dropdown. Click the Save button. Step 13 − Now, you can view the created Buy Now field in the list. Step 14 − Go to Content, click Add content. Step 15 − Click Products. Step 16 − Enter your product information inside the fields as shown in the following screen and click the Save button. Step 17 − You can now view your content on your site as shown in the following screen. Click Pay button. Step 18 − You will be redirected to the offsite payment server to authorize the payment. Later, it will direct you to the PayPal site for future payments process. Step 19 − Once the payment process is complete, you can view the details of the payment as shown in the following screen. Step 20 − Go to Content –> Payments tab. Here, you can view the payment status of your product. Print Page Previous Next Advertisements ”;

Drupal – Setup Discounts ”; Previous Next In general, discount is a amount or percentage deducted from the normal selling price of the product. It is the way of offering products for sale at a low or reduced price. You can specify the discount for the products as defined in the below steps− Step 1 − Go to Store and click Configuration. Step 2 − Click on the Taxes link which manages tax rates and types. Step 3 − Go to TAX TYPES tab and click the Add a tax type link. Step 4 − Tax types categorize tax rates and specify whether or not the calculated tax should be included in product prices on display. It contains some fields such as − Title − It specifies the title of tax type. Display title − It is the front-end display of the title of tax type shown to customers. Description − It describes the tax type if necessary. Tax amount rounding mode − Specifies what type of rounding should occur when tax rates of tax type are calculated for the unit price of a line item. After filling all the details, click the Save tax type button. Step 5 − Go to TAX RATES tab and click the Add a tax rate link. Step 6 − It will open the taxes window for adding tax rate to the product as shown in the following screen. It contains some fields such as − Title − It is the title of the tax rate. Display title − It is the front-end display title of the tax rate shown to customers. Description − It is used to describe the tax rate. Rate − It is a percentage used to calculate the tax which is expressed as a decimal. Type − It selects the tax type for the tax rate using drop-down menu. After filling the details, click the Save tax rate button. Step 7 − Once tax rate is saved, click the Home link. Step 8 − On the home page, click the Checkout link to see the shopping cart contents. Step 9 − On the checkout page, you will see the discount for the product which is included in product price. Print Page Previous Next Advertisements ”;

Drupal – Interview Questions ”; Previous Next Dear readers, these Drupal Interview Questions have been designed specially to get you acquainted with the nature of questions you may encounter during your interview for the subject of Drupal. As per my experience good interviewers hardly plan to ask any particular question during your interview, normally questions start with some basic concept of the subject and later they continue based on further discussion and what you answer: What is Drupal? Drupal is a free and open source Content Management System (CMS) that allows organizing, managing and publishing your content. Why to use Drupal? Drupal is very powerful and can be used for building large, complex sites. It is PHP based template and allows non-technical users to add and edit the content without any HTML or Web design knowledge. Using Drupal CMS, it can be easy to interact with other sites or technologies and can handle complex forms and workflows. It is available with more than 16000 modules which can be addressed with Drupal core and add-on modules. List some features of Drupal? The Features of Drupal are: It makes easy to create and manage your site. Translates anything in the system with built-in user interfaces. It connects your website to other sites and services using feeds, search engine connection capabilities etc. Drupal is open source software hence requires no licensing costs. It designs highly flexible, creative website to the users and display more effectively to increase the visitors. Drupal can publish your content on social media such as Twitter, Facebook and other social mediums. What are disadvantages of Drupal? The disadvantage of Drupal are: Drupal is not user friendly interface. It requires advanced knowledge and few basic things about the platform to install and modify. Drupal is new content management system. It is not compatible with other software. Performance is low compared to other CMS”s. The website which is built using Drupal will generate big server loads and never opens with a slow internet connection. What is Drupal main menu? Menus are very important to navigate your website easily. Menus offer a set of links as a result; you can navigate your website. The Drupal menu allows you to add, remove and rename the menus and menu items. What is the use of Show as expanded field while creating menu? If it is consist of sub-menus. Then it will be displayed under parent menu item. What is the use of weight field while creating menu? It Sets the order of menu items. What is Drupal blocks? Blocks are container objects that are used to organize your content of your website. What is the use of the field set the width of each sidebar in the layout and general settings? It is used to set width of first sidebar and second sidebar and unit in % or px or em. What is the use of Media query for this layout field in the layout and general settings? Media query defines different style rules for different media devices and by default for this layout will be 1025px. What is the maximum and minimum width for media query for Landscape tablet in tablet layout? Media query for Landscape tablet will be min-width: 769px and max-width: 1024px. What does sticky at top of lists does in publishing options while creating the front page? It fixes your page at top of lists on your site. What is the use of URL path settings option while creating basic page? Here you can specify alternative URL by which content can be accessed. Don”t add slash at the end or beginning of the URL alias or else it will not work. What is the use of Publishing options while creating blogs? It allows you to publish your blog content on Front Page or you can stick at top of lists as per the demand. What is the use of Menu settings option while creating articles? By clicking on Provide a menu link checkbox it shows all the related details of Menu such as Menu link title, Description, Parent item, andWeight. What is the use of Revision information option while creating articles? Provide revised information if any changes are made in the article. What is the use of Comment settings option while creating articles? By selecting open or close, it allows others to write comment for the article. What is the use of Authoring information option while creating articles? Specifies the authored name and the date when article has been authored. What is Drupal content type? Drupal content type defines the style in which contents are collected and displayed. Mention the status of the content present while filtering the pages? The status of the content present while filtering the pages are: Published promoted not promoted sticky not sticky What is the use of Menu Management in Drupal? Menu Management is the important part to navigate through your Drupal admin page. What is the use of Dashboard menu? It displays the list of articles or pages which are created. It is a first screen that will get displayed when you log into administration area. What is the use of Content menu? In this menu you can create, manage and find new pages. Here, the table gets displayed with the detail of the article i.e. status, title, updated, author and operation (Edit and delete). What is the use of Structure Menu? Structure includes the blocks, manage content types, add new menu links to the site and manage administrative tagging of content. What is the use of Appearance menu? In this menu, the lists of themes are displayed. User can install the theme, update the existing theme or switch the themes. What is the use of People Menu? In people menu, you can create a new user account or mange the existing user. What is the use of Configuration menu? This is an important part in the Drupal Back-End. Any changes done in this configuration, will affect the entire website.

Drupal – Setup Shipping ”; Previous Next In this chapter, let us study about setting up Shipping options in Drupal. In general, Shipping refers to transport of goods from one location to another. In order to set up Shipping you have to install Commerce Flat Rate and Commerce Shipping modules. In this chapter, let us create Free Shipping for orders greater than $100 and Paid Shipping for orders less than $100. Following are the simple steps to set up Shipping. Step 1 − Go to Store and click Configuration as shown in the following screen. Step 2 − Click on Shipping. Step 3 − Click Add a flat rate service as shown in the following screen. Step 4 − The Shipping page will get displayed as shown in the following screen. It contains the following fields − Title − Provide a title which will be the administrative title of this flat rate. Display title − Enter title that will be displayed on front-end of the flat rate shown to customers. Description − Enter brief description about the flat rate. Base rate − Provide a value for the flat rate. Later, click the Save button. Step 5 − Next, you have to configure the component by clicking configure component as shown in the following screen. Step 6 − Click Add condition. Step 7 − Choose Data comparison from dropdown and click Continue. Step 8 − For Data selector field, choose commerce-order…(Order) from the dropdown as shown in the following screen. Step 9 − Then, choose commerce-order:commerce-order-total:… (Order total) from the dropdown as shown in the following screen. Step 10 − Choose commerce-order:commerce-order-total:amount (Amount) from the dropdown and click Continue as shown in the following screen. Step 11 − Next, under OPERATOR section, you have to select is lower than value from the dropdown and click Switch to the direct input mode as shown below. Step 12 − Under DATA VALUE section, provide the value (usually the value given here is in cents (i.e. $100 = 10000 cents)). Later, click the Save button. Step 13 − Click Save changes as shown in the following screen. Step 14 − For Free Shipping you have to create another Flat rate service (as we did in Step(3 and 4)) and provide zero(0) for Base rate as shown in the following screen. Step 15 − Configure the component for Free Shipping (follow the same steps from 5 to 10 for free shipping as well), choose ‘is greater than’ and provide 10000 (i.e. 10000 cents) value as shown in the following screen and click the Save button. Step 16 − Add a product to the cart which is less than $100 and click the Check out tab. Step 17 − Next, fill up Shipping information, Billing information and click Continue to next step as shown in the following screen. Step 18 − Now you can see the Paid Shipping option displayed as shown in the following screen. Step 19 − You can add some more products, so that Order total exceeds $100. Step 20 − Finally, you can see that Free Shipping option is displayed after it exceeds the $100. Print Page Previous Next Advertisements ”;

Drupal – Installation ”; Previous Next This chapter provides step-by-step procedure for Drupal installation. Before installing Drupal, the following system requirements are necessary. System Requirements for Drupal Database − MySQL 5.1 + Web Server − WAMP (Windows) LAMP (Linux) XAMP (Multi-platform) MAMP (Macintosh) Nginx Microsoft IIS Operating System − Cross-platform Browser Support − IE (Internet Explorer 8+), Firefox, Google Chrome, Safari, Opera SSL (Secure Socket Layer) − A valid security certificate is required for HTTPS PHP Compatibility − PHP 5.2+ Download Drupal Step 1 − Download the Drupal and copy to your web server from this link − https://www.drupal.org/project/drupal Step 2 − Select the latest version of zip file which you want to download as shown in the following screen. The Recommended releases are the latest stable releases of either version. Setup Wizard It”s very easy to setup Drupal on your system. The following steps describe how to setup Drupal locally on your system. Step 1 − Download the zip file and extract it to your local computer. Rename the folder from its current name to any name of your choice to refer to your site. Step 2 − Drupal requires MySQL database. Create a new empty database with user/password for Drupal to use. (For e.g., user as “root” and password as “root” or else you can set as per your choice). Step 3 − Open your browser and navigate to your Drupal file path, you will see the first Drupal installer screen as shown in the following image. In our case the path is localhost/< Your_drupal_folder >. Select the Standard option and click Save and continue. Step 4 − Select the default language for Drupal website. After selecting the language, click Save and continue. Step 5 − Go to Database configuration page. You need to enter the type of database you will be using, and other details as follows. Database Type − Select the database type. By default, it will be MySQL. Database name − Enter the database name for Drupal. Database username − Enter the user name of your MySQL database. Database password − Enter the password which you had set for MySQL Database. When you click the ADVANCED OPTIONS, you will see the following screen − You can fill the advanced options for the database − Database Host − Enter the host name where your database is located. Database port − Enter the database port. Table Prefix − It is used to add prefix in the database tables, which helps to run multiple sites on the same database. After filling all the information, click the Save and continue button. Step 6 − The installation process starts on your machine. Step 7 − The Configure site page appears on the screen − It contains the following fields − Site name − The name that you want to give to your site. Site e-mail address − The e-mail address to which automated e-mails will be sent. Username, Email-address and Password − These are all administrative details used for the maintenance account. You need to enter all these fields and click Save and continue. Step 8 − The following page indicating that your Drupal installation is successful will appear on your screen. Step 9 − Click the Visit your new site link as shown in this image. Step 10 − Finally, the newly installed Drupal homepage appears on your screen as seen in the preceding image. Print Page Previous Next Advertisements ”;

Drupal – Create Products ”; Previous Next In this chapter, we”ll study about Creating Products in Drupal site. Products are the items that are offered for sale. Following are the simple steps used for Creating Product. Step 1 − Click Add Product. Step 2 − Click on Create Product. Step 3 − Now you have to create a product by filling the product information as shown in the following screen. It contains the following fields − Product SKU − Enter the unique identifying number for the product. Title − Enter the title of the product. Image − Upload image and give alternate text for your product which will be used by screen readers, search engines, or when the image cannot be loaded. Price − Enter the price of the product. Status − Set this field to Active option, so that it can be added to shopping cart. If it is set to Disabled option, products cannot be added to shopping carts and may be hidden in administrative product lists. Change History − It provides history of changes made to the product. After filling the fields, click Save Configuration. Step(4) − Now you can see that your product is added, click Add product display as shown in the following screen. Step(5) − The Create Product display page will get displayed as shown in the following screen. It contains below fields − Title − Add title of the product. Body − Here you can add summary for the product. Product − Choose the products to display for sale on this node by SKU. You can also enter multiple SKU”s using a comma separated list. Step(6) − You can see your product displayed on the front page. Print Page Previous Next Advertisements ”;

Drupal – Form Module ”; Previous Next In this chapter, we will learn about Form module in Drupal. This module lets you create a form in Drupal based on the website for your users. Following are the steps to install Form Module in Drupal. Step 1 − Download the latest file of Form Builder module from the link and install in your Drupal site. Step 2 − Enable Form Builder module from the module page. Step 3 − Click Form Builder example from the dashboard. Step 4 − A Form builder example page gets displayed as shown in the following screen. Here you can add, edit or remove the details manually. Sample Text Field (Properties) Title − Enter the title name for your form. Default value − Sets the default value. Description − Enter description related to the title in that box. Sample Text Field (Display) Prefix − Enter the prefix text. Suffix − Here you must put the suffix text. Size − Input size accordingly. Sample Text Field (Validation) Required − Check the box, when you want to validate the text field. Sample Checkboxes (Properties) Title − Enter your title name for your form. Description − Enter description related to the title in that box. Sample Checkboxes (Options) Options − Add items, mark as default and input the values. Customize Keys − Enable this setting if you want to save any one value. Sample Checkboxes (Validation) Required − Check the box when you want to validate the field. Sample Text Area (Properties) Title − Enter the title name for your form. Default value − Set the default value. Description − Enter description related to the title in that box. Sample Text Area (Display) Rows − Enter rows. Columns − Enter columns. Sample Text Area (Validation) Required − Check the box when you want to validate the field. Sample Radios (Properties) Title − Enter the title name for your form. Description − Enter description related to the title in that box. Sample Radios (Options) Options − Add items, mark as default and input the values. Customize Keys − Enable this setting if you want to save any one value. Sample Radios (Validation) Required − Check the box when you want to validate the field. Sample Select (Properties) Title − Enter the title name for your form. Description − Enter description related to the title in that box. Sample Select (Options) Customize Keys − Enable this setting if you want to save any one value. Allow Multiple values − This will help users choose multiple items in your lists. Print Page Previous Next Advertisements ”;