Category: vba

VBA – Excel Objects ”; Previous Next When programming using VBA, there are few important objects that a user would be dealing with. Application Objects Workbook Objects Worksheet Objects Range Objects Application Objects The Application object consists of the following − Application-wide settings and options. Methods that return top-level objects, such as ActiveCell, ActiveSheet, and so on. Example ”Example 1 : Set xlapp = CreateObject(“Excel.Sheet”) xlapp.Application.Workbooks.Open “C:test.xls” ”Example 2 : Application.Windows(“test.xls”).Activate ”Example 3: Application.ActiveCell.Font.Bold = True Workbook Objects The Workbook object is a member of the Workbooks collection and contains all the Workbook objects currently open in Microsoft Excel. Example ”Ex 1 : To close Workbooks Workbooks.Close ”Ex 2 : To Add an Empty Work Book Workbooks.Add ”Ex 3: To Open a Workbook Workbooks.Open FileName:=”Test.xls”, ReadOnly:=True ”Ex : 4 – To Activate WorkBooks Workbooks(“Test.xls”).Worksheets(“Sheet1″).Activate Worksheet Objects The Worksheet object is a member of the Worksheets collection and contains all the Worksheet objects in a workbook. Example ”Ex 1 : To make it Invisible Worksheets(1).Visible = False ”Ex 2 : To protect an WorkSheet Worksheets(“Sheet1″).Protect password:=strPassword, scenarios:=True Range Objects Range Objects represent a cell, a row, a column, or a selection of cells containing one or more continuous blocks of cells. ”Ex 1 : To Put a value in the cell A5 Worksheets(“Sheet1”).Range(“A5”).Value = “5235” ”Ex 2 : To put a value in range of Cells Worksheets(“Sheet1”).Range(“A1:A4″).Value = 5 Print Page Previous Next Advertisements ”;

VBA – User Forms ”; Previous Next A User Form is a custom-built dialog box that makes a user data entry more controllable and easier to use for the user. In this chapter, you will learn to design a simple form and add data into excel. Step 1 − Navigate to VBA Window by pressing Alt+F11 and Navigate to “Insert” Menu and select “User Form”. Upon selecting, the user form is displayed as shown in the following screenshot. Step 2 − Design the forms using the given controls. Step 3 − After adding each control, the controls have to be named. Caption corresponds to what appears on the form and name corresponds to the logical name that will be appearing when you write VBA code for that element. Step 4 − Following are the names against each one of the added controls. Control Logical Name Caption From frmempform Employee Form Employee ID Label Box empid Employee ID firstname Label Box firstname First Name lastname Label Box lastname Last Name dob Label Box dob Date of Birth mailid Label Box mailid Email ID Passportholder Label Box Passportholder Passport Holder Emp ID Text Box txtempid NOT Applicable First Name Text Box txtfirstname NOT Applicable Last Name Text Box txtlastname NOT Applicable Email ID Text Box txtemailid NOT Applicable Date Combo Box cmbdate NOT Applicable Month Combo Box cmbmonth NOT Applicable Year Combo Box cmbyear NOT Applicable Yes Radio Button radioyes Yes No Radio Button radiono No Submit Button btnsubmit Submit Cancel Button btncancel Cancel Step 5 − Add the code for the form load event by performing a right-click on the form and selecting ”View Code”. Step 6 − Select ‘Userform’ from the objects drop-down and select ”Initialize” method as shown in the following screenshot. Step 7 − Upon Loading the form, ensure that the text boxes are cleared, drop-down boxes are filled and Radio buttons are reset. Private Sub UserForm_Initialize() ”Empty Emp ID Text box and Set the Cursor txtempid.Value = “” txtempid.SetFocus ”Empty all other text box fields txtfirstname.Value = “” txtlastname.Value = “” txtemailid.Value = “” ”Clear All Date of Birth Related Fields cmbdate.Clear cmbmonth.Clear cmbyear.Clear ”Fill Date Drop Down box – Takes 1 to 31 With cmbdate .AddItem “1” .AddItem “2” .AddItem “3” .AddItem “4” .AddItem “5” .AddItem “6” .AddItem “7” .AddItem “8” .AddItem “9” .AddItem “10” .AddItem “11” .AddItem “12” .AddItem “13” .AddItem “14” .AddItem “15” .AddItem “16” .AddItem “17” .AddItem “18” .AddItem “19” .AddItem “20” .AddItem “21” .AddItem “22” .AddItem “23” .AddItem “24” .AddItem “25” .AddItem “26” .AddItem “27” .AddItem “28” .AddItem “29” .AddItem “30” .AddItem “31” End With ”Fill Month Drop Down box – Takes Jan to Dec With cmbmonth .AddItem “JAN” .AddItem “FEB” .AddItem “MAR” .AddItem “APR” .AddItem “MAY” .AddItem “JUN” .AddItem “JUL” .AddItem “AUG” .AddItem “SEP” .AddItem “OCT” .AddItem “NOV” .AddItem “DEC” End With ”Fill Year Drop Down box – Takes 1980 to 2014 With cmbyear .AddItem “1980” .AddItem “1981” .AddItem “1982” .AddItem “1983” .AddItem “1984” .AddItem “1985” .AddItem “1986” .AddItem “1987” .AddItem “1988” .AddItem “1989” .AddItem “1990” .AddItem “1991” .AddItem “1992” .AddItem “1993” .AddItem “1994” .AddItem “1995” .AddItem “1996” .AddItem “1997” .AddItem “1998” .AddItem “1999” .AddItem “2000” .AddItem “2001” .AddItem “2002” .AddItem “2003” .AddItem “2004” .AddItem “2005” .AddItem “2006” .AddItem “2007” .AddItem “2008” .AddItem “2009” .AddItem “2010” .AddItem “2011” .AddItem “2012” .AddItem “2013” .AddItem “2014” End With ”Reset Radio Button. Set it to False when form loads. radioyes.Value = False radiono.Value = False End Sub Step 8 − Now add the code to the Submit button. Upon clicking the submit button, the user should be able to add the values into the worksheet. Private Sub btnsubmit_Click() Dim emptyRow As Long ”Make Sheet1 active Sheet1.Activate ”Determine emptyRow emptyRow = WorksheetFunction.CountA(Range(“A:A”)) + 1 ”Transfer information Cells(emptyRow, 1).Value = txtempid.Value Cells(emptyRow, 2).Value = txtfirstname.Value Cells(emptyRow, 3).Value = txtlastname.Value Cells(emptyRow, 4).Value = cmbdate.Value & “/” & cmbmonth.Value & “/” & cmbyear.Value Cells(emptyRow, 5).Value = txtemailid.Value If radioyes.Value = True Then Cells(emptyRow, 6).Value = “Yes” Else Cells(emptyRow, 6).Value = “No” End If End Sub Step 9 − Add a method to close the form when the user clicks the Cancel button. Private Sub btncancel_Click() Unload Me End Sub Step 10 − Execute the form by clicking the “Run” button. Enter the values into the form and click the ”Submit” button. Automatically the values will flow into the worksheet as shown in the following screenshot. Print Page Previous Next Advertisements ”;

VBA – User Defined Functions ”; Previous Next A function is a group of reusable code which can be called anywhere in your program. This eliminates the need of writing the same code over and over again. This enables the programmers to divide a big program into a number of small and manageable functions. Apart from inbuilt functions, VBA allows to write user-defined functions as well. In this chapter, you will learn how to write your own functions in VBA. Function Definition A VBA function can have an optional return statement. This is required if you want to return a value from a function. For example, you can pass two numbers in a function and then you can expect from the function to return their multiplication in your calling program. Note − A function can return multiple values separated by a comma as an array assigned to the function name itself. Before we use a function, we need to define that particular function. The most common way to define a function in VBA is by using the Function keyword, followed by a unique function name and it may or may not carry a list of parameters and a statement with End Function keyword, which indicates the end of the function. Following is the basic syntax. Syntax Add a button and add the following function. Function Functionname(parameter-list) statement 1 statement 2 statement 3 ……. statement n End Function Example Add the following function which returns the area. Note that a value/values can be returned with the function name itself. Function findArea(Length As Double, Optional Width As Variant) If IsMissing(Width) Then findArea = Length * Length Else findArea = Length * Width End If End Function Calling a Function To invoke a function, call the function using the function name as shown in the following screenshot. The output of the area as shown below will be displayed to the user. Print Page Previous Next Advertisements ”;

VBA – Text Files ”; Previous Next You can also read Excel File and write the contents of the cell into a Text File using VBA. VBA allows the users to work with text files using two methods − File System Object using Write Command File System Object (FSO) As the name suggests, FSOs help the developers to work with drives, folders, and files. In this section, we will discuss how to use a FSO. Sr.No. Object Type & Description 1 Drive Drive is an Object. Contains methods and properties that allow you to gather information about a drive attached to the system. 2 Drives Drives is a Collection. It provides a list of the drives attached to the system, either physically or logically. 3 File File is an Object. It contains methods and properties that allow developers to create, delete, or move a file. 4 Files Files is a Collection. It provides a list of all the files contained within a folder. 5 Folder Folder is an Object. It provides methods and properties that allow the developers to create, delete, or move folders. 6 Folders Folders is a Collection. It provides a list of all the folders within a folder. 7 TextStream TextStream is an Object. It enables the developers to read and write text files. Drive Drive is an object, which provides access to the properties of a particular disk drive or network share. Following properties are supported by Drive object − AvailableSpace DriveLetter DriveType FileSystem FreeSpace IsReady Path RootFolder SerialNumber ShareName TotalSize VolumeName Example Step 1 − Before proceeding to scripting using FSO, we should enable Microsoft Scripting Runtime. To do the same, navigate to Tools → References as shown in the following screenshot. Step 2 − Add “Microsoft Scripting RunTime” and Click OK. Step 3 − Add Data that you would like to write in a Text File and add a Command Button. Step 4 − Now it is time to Script. Private Sub fn_write_to_text_Click() Dim FilePath As String Dim CellData As String Dim LastCol As Long Dim LastRow As Long Dim fso As FileSystemObject Set fso = New FileSystemObject Dim stream As TextStream LastCol = ActiveSheet.UsedRange.Columns.Count LastRow = ActiveSheet.UsedRange.Rows.Count ” Create a TextStream. Set stream = fso.OpenTextFile(“D:TrySupport.log”, ForWriting, True) CellData = “” For i = 1 To LastRow For j = 1 To LastCol CellData = Trim(ActiveCell(i, j).Value) stream.WriteLine “The Value at location (” & i & “,” & j & “)” & CellData Next j Next i stream.Close MsgBox (“Job Done”) End Sub Output When executing the script, ensure that you place the cursor in the first cell of the worksheet. The Support.log file is created as shown in the following screenshot under “D:Try”. The Contents of the file are shown in the following screenshot. Write Command Unlike FSO, we need NOT add any references, however, we will NOT be able to work with drives, files and folders. We will be able to just add the stream to the text file. Example Private Sub fn_write_to_text_Click() Dim FilePath As String Dim CellData As String Dim LastCol As Long Dim LastRow As Long LastCol = ActiveSheet.UsedRange.Columns.Count LastRow = ActiveSheet.UsedRange.Rows.Count FilePath = “D:Trywrite.txt” Open FilePath For Output As #2 CellData = “” For i = 1 To LastRow For j = 1 To LastCol CellData = “The Value at location (” & i & “,” & j & “)” & Trim(ActiveCell(i, j).Value) Write #2, CellData Next j Next i Close #2 MsgBox (“Job Done”) End Sub Output Upon executing the script, the “write.txt” file is created in the location “D:Try” as shown in the following screenshot. The contents of the file are shown in the following screenshot. Print Page Previous Next Advertisements ”;

VBA – Arrays ”; Previous Next We know very well that a variable is a container to store a value. Sometimes, developers are in a position to hold more than one value in a single variable at a time. When a series of values are stored in a single variable, then it is known as an array variable. Array Declaration Arrays are declared the same way a variable has been declared except that the declaration of an array variable uses parenthesis. In the following example, the size of the array is mentioned in the brackets. ”Method 1 : Using Dim Dim arr1() ”Without Size ”Method 2 : Mentioning the Size Dim arr2(5) ”Declared with size of 5 ”Method 3 : using ”Array” Parameter Dim arr3 arr3 = Array(“apple”,”Orange”,”Grapes”) Although, the array size is indicated as 5, it can hold 6 values as array index starts from ZERO. Array Index cannot be negative. VBScript Arrays can store any type of variable in an array. Hence, an array can store an integer, string, or characters in a single array variable. Assigning Values to an Array The values are assigned to the array by specifying an array index value against each one of the values to be assigned. It can be a string. Example Add a button and add the following function. Private Sub Constant_demo_Click() Dim arr(5) arr(0) = “1” ”Number as String arr(1) = “VBScript” ”String arr(2) = 100 ”Number arr(3) = 2.45 ”Decimal Number arr(4) = #10/07/2013# ”Date arr(5) = #12.45 PM# ”Time msgbox(“Value stored in Array index 0 : ” & arr(0)) msgbox(“Value stored in Array index 1 : ” & arr(1)) msgbox(“Value stored in Array index 2 : ” & arr(2)) msgbox(“Value stored in Array index 3 : ” & arr(3)) msgbox(“Value stored in Array index 4 : ” & arr(4)) msgbox(“Value stored in Array index 5 : ” & arr(5)) End Sub When you execute the above function, it produces the following output. Value stored in Array index 0 : 1 Value stored in Array index 1 : VBScript Value stored in Array index 2 : 100 Value stored in Array index 3 : 2.45 Value stored in Array index 4 : 7/10/2013 Value stored in Array index 5 : 12:45:00 PM Multi-Dimensional Arrays Arrays are not just limited to a single dimension, however, they can have a maximum of 60 dimensions. Two-dimensional arrays are the most commonly used ones. Example In the following example, a multi-dimensional array is declared with 3 rows and 4 columns. Private Sub Constant_demo_Click() Dim arr(2,3) as Variant ” Which has 3 rows and 4 columns arr(0,0) = “Apple” arr(0,1) = “Orange” arr(0,2) = “Grapes” arr(0,3) = “pineapple” arr(1,0) = “cucumber” arr(1,1) = “beans” arr(1,2) = “carrot” arr(1,3) = “tomato” arr(2,0) = “potato” arr(2,1) = “sandwitch” arr(2,2) = “coffee” arr(2,3) = “nuts” msgbox(“Value in Array index 0,1 : ” & arr(0,1)) msgbox(“Value in Array index 2,2 : ” & arr(2,2)) End Sub When you execute the above function, it produces the following output. Value stored in Array index : 0 , 1 : Orange Value stored in Array index : 2 , 2 : coffee ReDim Statement ReDim statement is used to declare dynamic-array variables and allocate or reallocate storage space. Syntax ReDim [Preserve] varname(subscripts) [, varname(subscripts)] Parameter Description Preserve − An optional parameter used to preserve the data in an existing array when you change the size of the last dimension. Varname − A required parameter, which denotes the name of the variable, which should follow the standard variable naming conventions. Subscripts − A required parameter, which indicates the size of the array. Example In the following example, an array has been redefined and then the values preserved when the existing size of the array is changed. Note − Upon resizing an array smaller than it was originally, the data in the eliminated elements will be lost. Private Sub Constant_demo_Click() Dim a() as variant i = 0 redim a(5) a(0) = “XYZ” a(1) = 41.25 a(2) = 22 REDIM PRESERVE a(7) For i = 3 to 7 a(i) = i Next ”to Fetch the output For i = 0 to ubound(a) Msgbox a(i) Next End Sub When you execute the above function, it produces the following output. XYZ 41.25 22 3 4 5 6 7 Array Methods There are various inbuilt functions within VBScript which help the developers to handle arrays effectively. All the methods that are used in conjunction with arrays are listed below. Please click on the method name to know about it in detail. Sr.No. Function & Description 1 LBound A Function, which returns an integer that corresponds to the smallest subscript of the given arrays. 2 UBound A Function, which returns an integer that corresponds to the largest subscript of the given arrays. 3 Split A Function, which returns an array that contains a specified number of values. Split based on a delimiter. 4 Join A Function, which returns a string that contains a specified number of substrings in an array. This is an exact opposite function of Split Method. 5 Filter A Function, which returns a zero based array that contains a subset of a string array based on a specific filter criteria. 6 IsArray A Function, which returns a boolean value that indicates whether or not the input variable is an array. 7 Erase A Function, which recovers the allocated memory for the array variables. Print Page Previous Next Advertisements ”;

VBA – Date-Time Function ”; Previous Next VBScript Date and Time Functions help the developers to convert date and time from one format to another or to express the date or time value in the format that suits a specific condition. Date Functions Sr.No. Function & Description 1 Date A Function, which returns the current system date. 2 CDate A Function, which converts a given input to date. 3 DateAdd A Function, which returns a date to which a specified time interval has been added. 4 DateDiff A Function, which returns the difference between two time period. 5 DatePart A Function, which returns a specified part of the given input date value. 6 DateSerial A Function, which returns a valid date for the given year, month, and date. 7 FormatDateTime A Function, which formats the date based on the supplied parameters. 8 IsDate A Function, which returns a Boolean Value whether or not the supplied parameter is a date. 9 Day A Function, which returns an integer between 1 and 31 that represents the day of the specified date. 10 Month A Function, which returns an integer between 1 and 12 that represents the month of the specified date. 11 Year A Function, which returns an integer that represents the year of the specified date. 12 MonthName A Function, which returns the name of the particular month for the specified date. 13 WeekDay A Function, which returns an integer(1 to 7) that represents the day of the week for the specified day. 14 WeekDayName A Function, which returns the weekday name for the specified day. Time Functions Sr.No. Function & Description 1 Now A Function, which returns the current system date and time. 2 Hour A Function, which returns an integer between 0 and 23 that represents the hour part of the given time. 3 Minute A Function, which returns an integer between 0 and 59 that represents the minutes part of the given time. 4 Second A Function, which returns an integer between 0 and 59 that represents the seconds part of the given time. 5 Time A Function, which returns the current system time. 6 Timer A Function, which returns the number of seconds and milliseconds since 12:00 AM. 7 TimeSerial A Function, which returns the time for the specific input of hour, minute and second. 8 TimeValue A Function, which converts the input string to a time format. Print Page Previous Next Advertisements ”;

VBA – Events ”; Previous Next VBA, an event-driven programming can be triggered when you change a cell or range of cell values manually. Change event may make things easier, but you can very quickly end a page full of formatting. There are two kinds of events. Worksheet Events Workbook Events Worksheet Events Worksheet Events are triggered when there is a change in the worksheet. It is created by performing a right-click on the sheet tab and choosing ”view code”, and later pasting the code. The user can select each one of those worksheets and choose “WorkSheet” from the drop down to get the list of all supported Worksheet events. Following are the supported worksheet events that can be added by the user. Private Sub Worksheet_Activate() Private Sub Worksheet_BeforeDoubleClick(ByVal Target As Range, Cancel As Boolean) Private Sub Worksheet_BeforeRightClick(ByVal Target As Range, Cancel As Boolean) Private Sub Worksheet_Calculate() Private Sub Worksheet_Change(ByVal Target As Range) Private Sub Worksheet_Deactivate() Private Sub Worksheet_FollowHyperlink(ByVal Target As Hyperlink) Private Sub Worksheet_SelectionChange(ByVal Target As Range) Example Let us say, we just need to display a message before double click. Private Sub Worksheet_BeforeDoubleClick(ByVal Target As Range, Cancel As Boolean) MsgBox “Before Double Click” End Sub Output Upon double-clicking on any cell, the message box is displayed to the user as shown in the following screenshot. Workbook Events Workbook events are triggered when there is a change in the workbook on the whole. We can add the code for workbook events by selecting the ”ThisWorkbook” and selecting ”workbook” from the dropdown as shown in the following screenshot. Immediately Workbook_open sub procedure is displayed to the user as seen in the following screenshot. Following are the supported Workbook events that can be added by the user. Private Sub Workbook_AddinUninstall() Private Sub Workbook_BeforeClose(Cancel As Boolean) Private Sub Workbook_BeforePrint(Cancel As Boolean) Private Sub Workbook_BeforeSave(ByVal SaveAsUI As Boolean, Cancel As Boolean) Private Sub Workbook_Deactivate() Private Sub Workbook_NewSheet(ByVal Sh As Object) Private Sub Workbook_Open() Private Sub Workbook_SheetActivate(ByVal Sh As Object) Private Sub Workbook_SheetBeforeDoubleClick(ByVal Sh As Object, ByVal Target As Range, Cancel As Boolean) Private Sub Workbook_SheetBeforeRightClick(ByVal Sh As Object, ByVal Target As Range, Cancel As Boolean) Private Sub Workbook_SheetCalculate(ByVal Sh As Object) Private Sub Workbook_SheetChange(ByVal Sh As Object, ByVal Target As Range) Private Sub Workbook_SheetDeactivate(ByVal Sh As Object) Private Sub Workbook_SheetFollowHyperlink(ByVal Sh As Object, ByVal Target As Hyperlink) Private Sub Workbook_SheetSelectionChange(ByVal Sh As Object, ByVal Target As Range) Private Sub Workbook_WindowActivate(ByVal Wn As Window) Private Sub Workbook_WindowDeactivate(ByVal Wn As Window) Private Sub Workbook_WindowResize(ByVal Wn As Window) Example Let us say, we just need to display a message to the user that a new sheet is created successfully, whenever a new sheet is created. Private Sub Workbook_NewSheet(ByVal Sh As Object) MsgBox “New Sheet Created Successfully” End Sub Output Upon creating a new excel sheet, a message is displayed to the user as shown in the following screenshot. Print Page Previous Next Advertisements ”;

VBA – Strings ”; Previous Next Strings are a sequence of characters, which can consist of either alphabets, numbers, special characters, or all of them. A variable is said to be a string if it is enclosed within double quotes ” “. Syntax variablename = “string” Examples str1 = “string” ” Only Alphabets str2 = “132.45” ” Only Numbers str3 = “!@#$;*” ” Only Special Characters Str4 = “Asc23@#” ” Has all the above String Functions There are predefined VBA String functions, which help the developers to work with the strings very effectively. Following are String methods that are supported in VBA. Please click on each one of the methods to know in detail. Sr.No. Function Name & Description 1 InStr Returns the first occurrence of the specified substring. Search happens from the left to the right. 2 InstrRev Returns the first occurrence of the specified substring. Search happens from the right to the left. 3 Lcase Returns the lower case of the specified string. 4 Ucase Returns the upper case of the specified string. 5 Left Returns a specific number of characters from the left side of the string. 6 Right Returns a specific number of characters from the right side of the string. 7 Mid Returns a specific number of characters from a string based on the specified parameters. 8 Ltrim Returns a string after removing the spaces on the left side of the specified string. 9 Rtrim Returns a string after removing the spaces on the right side of the specified string. 10 Trim Returns a string value after removing both the leading and the trailing blank spaces. 11 Len Returns the length of the given string. 12 Replace Returns a string after replacing a string with another string. 13 Space Fills a string with the specified number of spaces. 14 StrComp Returns an integer value after comparing the two specified strings. 15 String Returns a string with a specified character for specified number of times. 16 StrReverse Returns a string after reversing the sequence of the characters of the given string. Print Page Previous Next Advertisements ”;

VBA – Operators ”; Previous Next An Operator can be defined using a simple expression – 4 &plus; 5 is equal to 9. Here, 4 and 5 are called operands and &plus; is called operator. VBA supports following types of operators − Arithmetic Operators Comparison Operators Logical (or Relational) Operators Concatenation Operators The Arithmatic Operators Following arithmetic operators are supported by VBA. Assume variable A holds 5 and variable B holds 10, then − Show Examples Operator Description Example &plus; Adds the two operands A &plus; B will give 15 – Subtracts the second operand from the first A – B will give -5 &ast; Multiplies both the operands A &ast; B will give 50 / Divides the numerator by the denominator B / A will give 2 % Modulus operator and the remainder after an integer division B % A will give 0 ^ Exponentiation operator B ^ A will give 100000 The Comparison Operators There are following comparison operators supported by VBA. Assume variable A holds 10 and variable B holds 20, then − Show Examples Operator Description Example = Checks if the value of the two operands are equal or not. If yes, then the condition is true. (A = B) is False. <> Checks if the value of the two operands are equal or not. If the values are not equal, then the condition is true. (A <> B) is True. > Checks if the value of the left operand is greater than the value of the right operand. If yes, then the condition is true. (A > B) is False. < Checks if the value of the left operand is less than the value of the right operand. If yes, then the condition is true. (A < B) is True. >= Checks if the value of the left operand is greater than or equal to the value of the right operand. If yes, then the condition is true. (A >= B) is False. <= Checks if the value of the left operand is less than or equal to the value of the right operand. If yes, then the condition is true. (A <= B) is True. The Logical Operators Following logical operators are supported by VBA. Assume variable A holds 10 and variable B holds 0, then − Show Examples Operator Description Example AND Called Logical AND operator. If both the conditions are True, then the Expression is true. a<>0 AND b<>0 is False. OR Called Logical OR Operator. If any of the two conditions are True, then the condition is true. a<>0 OR b<>0 is true. NOT Called Logical NOT Operator. Used to reverse the logical state of its operand. If a condition is true, then Logical NOT operator will make false. NOT(a<>0 OR b<>0) is false. XOR Called Logical Exclusion. It is the combination of NOT and OR Operator. If one, and only one, of the expressions evaluates to be True, the result is True. (a<>0 XOR b<>0) is true. The Concatenation Operators Following Concatenation operators are supported by VBA. Assume variable A holds 5 and variable B holds 10 then − Show Examples Operator Description Example &plus; Adds two Values as Variable. Values are Numeric A &plus; B will give 15 & Concatenates two Values A & B will give 510 Assume variable A = “Microsoft” and variable B = “VBScript”, then − Operator Description Example &plus; Concatenates two Values A &plus; B will give MicrosoftVBScript & Concatenates two Values A & B will give MicrosoftVBScript Note − Concatenation Operators can be used for both numbers and strings. The output depends on the context, if the variables hold numeric value or string value. Print Page Previous Next Advertisements ”;

VBA – Decisions ”; Previous Next Decision making allows the programmers to control the execution flow of a script or one of its sections. The execution is governed by one or more conditional statements. Following is the general form of a typical decision making structure found in most of the programming languages. VBA provides the following types of decision making statements. Click the following links to check their details. Sr.No. Statement & Description 1 if statement An if statement consists of a Boolean expression followed by one or more statements. 2 if..else statement An if else statement consists of a Boolean expression followed by one or more statements. If the condition is True, the statements under If statements are executed. If the condition is false, the Else part of the script is executed. 3 if…elseif..else statement An if statement followed by one or more ElseIf statements, that consists of Boolean expressions and then followed by an optional else statement, which executes when all the condition become false. 4 nested if statements An if or elseif statement inside another if or elseif statement(s). 5 switch statement A switch statement allows a variable to be tested for equality against a list of values. Print Page Previous Next Advertisements ”;