Category: basics Of Computer Science

Computer Science: Innovators ”; Previous Next The following table illustrates the names of major innovators with their works and year − Person Achievement Period/Year Pāṇini Pāṇini, the ancient Indian Sanskrit linguist, grammarian, and honorable scholar had systematized and mentioned the technical use of metarules, transformations, and recursions, in his book ”Ashtadhyayi.” It is considred as the forerunner to the computer programming language. 5th Century BC (about) Al-Khwārizmī Al-Khwarizmi had the technique of performing arithmetic with Hindu-Arabic numerals developed. 830 AD (about) Al-Jazari Al-Jazari had invented the programmable machines, namely programmable humanoid robots, and an astronomical clock, which is considered as the first programmable analog computer. 1206 AD (about) Ramon Llull Ramon Llull had designed multiple symbolic representations machines. 1300 AD (about) Blaise Pascal Pascal had invented the mechanical calculator. 1642 AD (about) Gottfried Leibniz Leibniz had developed the first-order predicate calculus, which were very important for the theoretical foundations of computer science. 1670 AD (about) Charles Babbage Babbage, who was popular as mathematician, philosopher, inventor and mechanical engineer, designed the Analytical Engine and developed a prototype for a less powerful mechanical calculator. Likewise, he originated the concept of digital programmable computer. Babbage is popular as “father of the computer”. 1822 AD (about) George Boole Boole conceptualized the Boolean algebra, which became the basis for digital logic and computer science. 1847 AD (about) Gottlob Frege Frege developed the first-order predicate calculus, which later became a crucial precursor requirement in developing the computation theory. 1879 AD (about) Herman Hollerith Hollerith invented the punched card evaluating machine and hence, he is popularly considered as the father of modern machine data processing. 1889 AD (about) Vannevar Bush Bush developed the Memex concept, which later led to the development of Hypertext. 1930 AD (about) Alonzo Church Church had developed the lambda calculus and found the un-decidability problem within it. 1936 AD (about) Stephen Cole Kleene Founded the computation theory. 1936 AD (about) Claude Shannon Founded practical digital circuit design. 1937 AD Konrad Zuse Built the first digital freely programmable computer of Z series. 1938 AD Tommy Flowers Designed and built the Mark Colossus computers, the world”s first programmable, digital, electronic, and computing devices. 1943 AD Max Newman Newman founded the Computing Machine Laboratory at the University of Manchester. It was the place where world”s first stored-program computer, the Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine was invented. 1943 AD John Mauchly & J. Presper Ecker Designed and built the ENIAC, the first modern computer, and the UNIVAC I, the first commercially available computer. 1943 AD Yoshiro Nakamatsu Invented the first floppy disk at Tokyo Imperial University. 1950 AD David Caminer & John Pinkerton Developed the LEO computer i.e. the first business computer 1951 AD Sergei Alekseyevich Lebedev Independently designed the first electronic computer in the Soviet Union (i.e. Ukraine). 1951 AD Grace Hopper Hopper wrote the A-O compiler (a sort of automatic programming language), which heavily influenced the COBOL language. 1952 AD Cuthbert Hurd Worked for the International Business Machines Corporation and developed first general-purpose computer, the IBM 701. 1952 AD Alan Perlis et al Developed the ALGOL programming language, and the first recipient of the Turing Award. 1952 AD Noam Chomsky Chomsky developed Chomsky hierarchy. He made contributions to computer science with his work in linguistics. 1956 AD Douglas Engelbart and Bill English Best known for inventing the computer mouse. 1963 AD Tadashi Sasaki Sasaki was an engineer at Sharp company and he conceived a single-chip microprocessor CPU. He also developed LCD calculators at Sharp. 1963 AD Dennis Ritchie and Ken Thompson Pioneered the C programming language and the Unix computer operating system at Bell Labs. 1967 AD Ken Thompson Thompson developed the Unix operating system, the B programming language, Plan 9 operating system, the first computer chess game and the UTF-8 encoding at Bell Labs. Further, he developed ”Go” programming language at Google. 1967 AD Adriaan van Wijngaarden Wijngaarden developed the W-grammar first used in the definition of ALGOL 68 1968 AD Masatoshi Shima Designed the Intel 4004, the first commercial microprocessor. 1968 AD Leslie Lamport Formulated algorithms to solve different fundamental problems in distributed systems (e.g. the bakery algorithm). 1974 AD Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn Designed the Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol (TCP and IP), the primary data communication protocols of the Internet and other computer networks. 1978 AD Tim Berners-Lee Invented worldwide web. 1989 AD Tim Berners-Lee and Robert Cailliau Sent first HTTP communication between client and server. 1989 AD Print Page Previous Next Advertisements ”;

Basics of Computer Science – Virus ”; Previous Next A virus is a computer code or program, which is capable of affecting your computer data badly by corrupting or destroying them. Computer virus has the tendency to make its duplicate copies at a swift pace, and also spread it across every folder and damage the data of your computer system. A computer virus is actually a malicious software program or “malware” that, when infecting your system, replicates itself by modifying other computer programs and inserting its own code. Infected computer programs may include data files, or even the “boot” sector of the hard drive. Types of Virus Following are the major types of computer virus − Worms This is a computer program that replicates itself at a swift pace. Unlike a computer virus, it is self-contained and hence does not need to be part of another program to propagate itself. Trojan Horse A Trojan Horse is also a sort of destructive program that remains disguised in a normal software program. It is not exactly a virus, as it cannot replicate itself. However, there is possibility that virus program may remain concealed in the Trojan Horse. Bombs It is similar to Trojan Horse, but Logic bombs have some specialty; these include a timing device and hence it will go off only at a particular date and time. How Does Virus Affect? Let us discuss in what ways a virus can affect your computer system. The ways are mentioned below − By downloading files from the Internet. During the removable of media or drives. Through pen drive. Through e-mail attachments. Through unpatched software & services. Through unprotected or poor administrator passwords. Impact of Virus Let us now see the impact of virus on your computer system − Disrupts the normal functionality of respective computer system. Disrupts system network use. Modifies configuration setting of the system. Destructs data. Disrupts computer network resources. Destructs of confidential data. Virus Detection The most fundamental method of detection of virus is to check the functionality of your computer system; a virus affected computer does not take command properly. However, if there is antivirus software in your computer system, then it can easily check programs and files on a system for virus signatures. Virus Preventive Measures Let us now see the different virus preventive measures. A computer system can be protected from virus through the following − Installation of an effective antivirus software. Patching up the operating system. Patching up the client software. Putting highly secured Passwords. Use of Firewalls. Most Effective Antivirus Following are the most popular and effective antivirus from which you can choose one for your personal computer − McAfee Antivirus Plus Symantec Norton Antivirus Avast Pro Antivirus Bitdefender Antivirus Plus Kaspersky Anti-Virus Avira Antivirus Webroot Secure Anywhere Antivirus Emsisoft Anti-Malware Quick Heal Antivirus ESET NOD32 Antivirus Print Page Previous Next Advertisements ”;

Basics of Computer Science Online Quiz ”; Previous Next Following quiz provides Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) related to Basics of Computer Science. You will have to read all the given answers and click over the correct answer. If you are not sure about the answer then you can check the answer using Show Answer button. You can use Next Quiz button to check new set of questions in the quiz. Q 1 – Consider the following statements: 1. In 1985, Microsoft launched the revolutionary operating systems and named it ‘Window.’ 2. Window programs employ a Graphical User Interface (GUI). Choose the correct answer from the codes given below: A – Only 1 B – Only 2 C – Both D – Neither 1 nor 2 Answer : C Explanation GUI facilitates its users to give command only on clicking on-screen symbols. It also facilitates users to perform multiple task simultaneously. Show Answer Q 2 – The malware that fetches the personal data such as bank details, credit/card details, password, etc. from remotely located computers is known as … A – Virus B – Worms C – Trojans D – Spyware Answer : C Explanation Through spyware, hacker records all the activities done on other targeted computers. Spyware records and transmits the data entered by using keyboards. Show Answer Q 3 – In reference to data encryption, consider the following statements: 1. Keys of encryption are characteristically stored in the computer files itself and they are also encrypted. 2. Keys can be assessed only with a passphrase. Choose the correct answer from the codes given below: A – Only 1 B – Only 2 C – Both D – Neither 1 nor 2 Answer : C Explanation Keys are similar to passwords, but they are much longer. Show Answer Q 4 – Consider the following statements: 1. The term DOS stands for Disk Operating System. 2. Loading operating files into the main memory of computer is known as booting up. Choose the correct answer from the codes given below: A – Only 1 B – Only 2 C – Both D – Neither 1 nor 2 Answer : C Explanation Only after booting up computer is ready to use. Show Answer Q 5 – If you restart your computer by selecting the restart button, it is known as … A – Soft boot B – Cold boot C – Warm boot D – A & C Answer : D Explanation One can also restart a computer by pressing Ctrl + Alt + Del keys simultaneously. Show Answer Q 6 – The Fifth Generation Computer works on … A – Transistors B – Integrated circuit C – Artificial Intelligence D – Microprocessor Answer : C Explanation Fifth generation computer was an initiative by Japan”s Ministry of International Trade and Industry. Show Answer Q 7 – Who among the following is popular as the father of computer? A – Charles Babbage B – Scott Aaronson C – Charles Bachman D – David A. Bader Answer : A Explanation N/A Show Answer Q 8 – Who among the following has designed the PHP programing language? A – Rasmus Lerdorf B – Guido van Rossum C – Brendan Eich D – James Gosling Answer : A Explanation Rasmus designed PHP in 1995. Show Answer Q 9 – Who among the following has created the ‘twitter?’ A – Jack Dorsey B – Butler Lampson C – Ronald Rider D – Greg Chesson Answer : A Explanation Twitter was created in 2006. Show Answer Q 10 – Who among the following is popular as ‘Mother of Internet?’ A – Radia Perlman B – Ada Lovelace C – Grace Hopper D – Anita Borg Answer : A Explanation Perlman has invented spanning tree protocol in 1985. Show Answer Q 11 – Which among the following correctly defines the working of a computer? A – Calculate and process all sorts of data useful for human beings B – Store data C – Store data and delete data D – Play movie and video games Answer : A Explanation Computer is a machine, which has the ability to follow a sequence of operations, known as programs and make human works flexible and useful. Show Answer Q 12 – Magnetic disks are coated with … A – Magnesium oxide B – Iron oxide C – Sulphur dioxide D – Nitric oxide Answer : B Explanation Magnetic disk or simply disk is an information storage device. Show Answer Q 13 – Which among the following is known as ‘point-and-draw’ device? A – Keyboard B – Scanner C – Mouse D – CPU Answer : C Explanation N/A Show Answer Q 14 – Consider the following statements: 1. Algorithm is a set

Computer Science: Abbreviations ”; Previous Next In this chapter, we will discuss the different abbreviations in Computer Science. The following table lists down those abbreviations − Abbreviation Full-name A/D Analog-to-Digital ABC Atanasoff Berry Computer ACM Association for Computing Machinery AI Artificial Intelligence ALGOL Algorithic Language ALU Arithmetic Logic Unit AMD Advanced Micro Devices ARPANET Advanced Research Project Agency Network ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange BASIC Beginners All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code BCD Binary Coded Decimal BIOS Basic Inpute Output System BIPS Billions of Instructions Per Second BPI Bytes Per Inch CAD Computer Aided Design CAE Computer Aided Engineering CAN Campus Area Network CASE Computer Aided Software Engineering CD Compact Disk CDC Control Data Corporation CD-R CD-Recordable CD-ROM Compact Disk Read Only Memory CD-RW CD Read/Write CL Command Language CLI Command Line Interface COBOL Common Business Oriented CODASYL Conference On Data Systems CPU Central Processing Unit CRT Cathode Ray Tube D/A Digital-to-Analog DAT Digital Audio Tape DBMS Data Base Management System DBS Demand Based Switching DDL Data Definition Language DDS Digital Data Storage DEC Digital Equipment Corporation DMA Direct Memory Access DNA Digital Network Architecture DPI Dots Per Inch DRAM Dynamic RAM DSN Distributed Systems Network DTS Digital Theater System DVD Digital Video/Versatile Disk EBCDIC Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code EDSAC Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator EDVAC Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Calculator EFM Eight-to-Fourteen Modulation ENIAC Electronic Numerical Integrator And Calculator EPG Electronic Programming Guide EPIC Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing EPROM Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory FAT File Allocation Table FDM Frequency Division Multiplexing FEP Front End Processor FLOPS Floating Point Operations Per Second FM Frequency Modulation FMS File Management System FORTRAN FORmula TRANslation FSK Frequency Shift Keying FTP File Transfer Protocol GB Giga Bytes GFLOPS Giga FLOPS GHz Giga Hertz GNU Gnu Not Unix GPRS General Packet Radio Service GSM Global System for Mobile communication GUI Graphical User Interface HP Hewlett Packard HSS Hierarchical Storage System HTML HyperText Markup Language HTTP HyperText Transport Protocol IBM International Business Machine IC Integrated Circuit IDN Integrated Digital Networks IP Internet Protocol IrDA Infrared Data Association ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network ISP Internet Service Provider JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group JRE Java Runtime Engine JSP Java Server Pages KB Kilo Bytes KHz Kilo Hertz LAN Local Area Network LCD Liquid Crystal Display LED Light Emitting Diode LPM Line Per Minute LSI Large Scael Integration MAN Metropolitan Area Network MAR Memory Address Register MB Mega Bytes MBR Memory Buffer Register MHz Mega Hertz MIDI Musical Instrument Digital Interface MIPS Millions of Instructions Per Second MNP Microcom Network Protocol MPEG Moving Pictures Experts Group MS-DOS MicroSoft Disk Operating System MVT Multiprogramming with Variable Tasks NIC Network Interface Card NICNET National Informatics Center NETwork NOS Network Operating System OCR Optical Character Recognition OMR Optical Mark Reader OS Operating System OSI Open System Interconnection OSS Open Source Software PAN Personal Area Network PC Personal Computer PDF Portable Document Format PDL Program Design Language PDP Program Data Processor PIP Peripheral Interchange Program PROM Programmable Read-Only Memory QoS Quality of Service RAM Random Access Memory ROM Read Only Memory SDLC Software Development Life Cycle

Basics of Computer Science Online Test ”; Previous Next This Basics of Computer Science Online Test simulates a real online certification exams. You will be presented Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) based on General Knowledge Concepts, where you will be given four options. You will select the best suitable answer for the question and then proceed to the next question without wasting given time. You will get your online test score after finishing the complete test. Total Questions − 46 Max Time − 46 Min Start Test Previous Finish Test Next Print Page Previous Next Advertisements ”;

Basics of Computer Science – Applications ”; Previous Next A number of tasks in today’s world is computer based – filling an application, transferring fund, or doing online business everything can be done through computer application. Easily accessible and user friendly, computer applications process the required transactions very quickly and accurately. Computer applications are designed in such a simple manner that no qualification or training is required to use it; any person who can read and write can use computer application. Uses of Computer Applications In this section, we will discuss the different computer applications and their uses. On-line Application Real Time Application Business Application Online Applications Today, most of the applications are being accepted online, whether it is for opening a bank account, filling admission form, filling job application, etc. Following are the important forms of online applications − Banking Most of the banks are interlinked through computer networking and offer core banking facilities. Computer networking helps maintain accounts online, offers net banking facility, makes available online transactions facility, and offers digital signature facility, the biggest advantage being that ATM machines can dispense money anytime, etc. Ticket Booking Ticket booking has become easier with computer networking. Flight ticket, railway ticket, and even bus ticket can be booked online with simple and easy steps. Passport Application If you want to apply for a new passport, you can do it by yourself online. Besides, you can also apply for other essential documents online such as PAN card, Aadhaar Card, etc. Job Application Today, most of the applications (private as well as government) are being filled online. Many of the organizations also conduct competitive exams leading to employment online. Admission Application Most of the schools and universities have made their admission applications available online; they also accept fees online. Real-time Application Real-time application is a computer based application program that functions in a given period of time. Or in other words, in a given period of time, a user has to perform certain functions before the time lapses. For example, if you are making online transactions, then you have to provide the required information in a given time framework or else you will miss the chance. Following are significant examples of real-time application − Videoconferencing With this technology, people can connect with each other visually from different places. VoIP (voice over Internet Protocol) This technology helps to make telephone calls over digital computer networks. E-commerce transactions This technology helps in buying and selling products over the digital computer network. Online banking Online banking is virtual banking from any place with the help of computer networks. Instant messaging This is where messages can be exchanged over the Internet instantly. Online gaming This enables playing of games partially or completely over the Internet. Business Application Different businesses have different computer applications; however, a few applications such as for maintaining the data base (of respective business), keeping employees’ records, offering online business facilities, online promotions, etc. are the common features of almost every business organization. As such, introduction of computer technology has made business easier, simpler, and accessible 24×7. Print Page Previous Next Advertisements ”;

Generations of Computer ”; Previous Next The development of computer systems is normally discussed as the development over different generations. With the succession of different generations, came the advancement in computer technology. Computer Generations Let us now discuss the development in Computer Technology over the different generations. First Generation The period 1940 to 1956, roughly considered as the First Generation of Computer. The first generation computers were developed by using vacuum tube or thermionic valve machine. The input of this system was based on punched cards and paper tape; however, the output was displayed on printouts. The first generation computers worked on binary-coded concept (i.e., language of 0-1). Examples: ENIAC, EDVAC, etc. Second Generation The period 1956 to 1963 is roughly considered as the period of Second Generation of Computers. The second generation computers were developed by using transistor technology. In comparison to the first generation, the size of second generation was smaller. In comparison to computers of the first generation, the computing time taken by the computers of the second generation was lesser. Third Generation The period 1963 to 1971 is roughly considered as the period of Third Generation of computers. The third generation computers were developed by using the Integrated Circuit (IC) technology. In comparison to the computers of the second generation, the size of the computers of the third generation was smaller. In comparison to the computers of the second generation, the computing time taken by the computers of the third generation was lesser. The third generation computer consumed less power and also generated less heat. The maintenance cost of the computers in the third generation was also low. The computer system of the computers of the third generation was easier for commercial use. Fourth Generation The period 1972 to 2010 is roughly considered as the fourth generation of computers. The fourth generation computers were developed by using microprocessor technology. By coming to fourth generation, computer became very small in size, it became portable. The machine of fourth generation started generating very low amount of heat. It is much faster and accuracy became more reliable. The production cost reduced to very low in comparison to the previous generation. It became available for the common people as well. Fifth Generation The period 2010 to till date and beyond, roughly considered as the period of fifth generation of computers. By the time, the computer generation was being categorized on the basis of hardware only, but the fifth generation technology also included software. The computers of the fifth generation had high capability and large memory capacity. Working with computers of this generation was fast and multiple tasks could be performed simultaneously. Some of the popular advanced technologies of the fifth generation include Artificial intelligence, Quantum computation, Nanotechnology, Parallel processing, etc. Print Page Previous Next Advertisements ”;

Basics of Computer Science – Internet ”; Previous Next Internet is a system that interconnects the different computer systems across the world. It uses the Internet protocol suite to link devices located in different corners of the world. The Internet system carries an extensive range of information resources and services including World Wide Web (WWW), telephony, electronic mail, etc. It uses standard internet protocols, such as TCP/IP and HTTP, etc. An internal web comprises of all Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) nodes on a private network; for example, an organization’s LAN or WAN. Features of Internet Let us now discuss the features of Internet. The features are described below − Accessibility An Internet is a global service and accessible to all. Today, people located in a remote part of an island or interior of Africa can also use Internet. Easy to Use The software, which is used to access the Internet (web browser), is designed very simple; therefore, it can be easily learned and used. It is easy to develop. Interaction with Other Media Internet service has a high degree of interaction with other media. For example, News and other magazine, publishing houses have extended their business with the help of Internet services. Low Cost The development and maintenance cost of Internet service are comparatively low. Extension of Existing IT Technology This facilitates the sharing of IT technology by multiple users in organizations and even facilitates other trading partners to use. Flexibility of Communication Communication through Internet is flexible enough. It facilitates communication through text, voice, and video too. These services can be availed at both organizational and individual levels. Security Last but not the least, Internet facility has to a certain extent helped the security system both at the individual and national level with components such as CCTV camera, etc. Internet Software Internet Software comprises of all the tools needed for networking through computer. Following are a few important components of the Internet Software − Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Dialer Software Interment Browser Internet Applications Internet applications are server-based applications. Following are a few Internet Applications − World Wide Web (WWW) Electronic mail (e-mail) File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Telnet (i.e., log-in to the computer located remotely) Internet Relay Chat (IRC) (Real time video chatting) Print Page Previous Next Advertisements ”;

Electronic Commerce ”; Previous Next The advancement of computer technology and internet, domestic as well as international businesses are being fascinated towards these technologies. Today, most of the small or big businesses and domestic or international businesses offer their products and services through Internet. The business organizations these days have attractive and interactive website through which they promote and market their business. The facility of computer based technology and Internet collectively integrates the fragmented markets by offering them a common arena. Technology has further helped organizations in cost cutting and has also helped reduce the cost of products and services. Technology facilitates customers in buying products or services of their requirement by sitting at home or any place. What is Electronic Commerce? Electronic commerce or simply ecommerce is normally a process that involves facilitating the availability of products and services online. The users can search, choose, sell, buy from a wide range of options through Internet. The major activities of ecommerce are as follows − Selling products and services online (through internet) Buying products and services online Paying and accepting payment online Transaction of businesses and other services online Features of E-Commerce Following are the important features of ecommerce − It efficiently increases the business capability. It substantially reduces the cost. It perceptively increases the delivery services. It unbreakable solution of quick business transactions and office automation. It potentially increases the intra-business functionality. It competently increases the business communication. Types of E-Commerce Following are the major types of e-commerce businesses − Business-to-Business (B2B) It is conducted between two business firms. Business-to-Consumer (B2C) It is conducted between the business firm and the consumer. Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C) Consumer-to-consumer business deals happen between two consumers; there are certain websites that facilitate a common platform to both the consumers – one who wants to buy and one who wants to sell. Benefits of E-Commerce Let us now discuss the benefits of e-commerce − It facilitates free market. It is available 24×7. Its presence is global (there is no constrain of political boundary as such). Set up cost is substantially low. It provides user-friendly technology. It offers multiple opportunity parallel and simultaneously. It provides frugal facilities to promote and market businesses. It has features to offer market research facility. It makes customer relations management easier. It facilitates the provision of 24×7 customer care services. It provides fund transfer facility domestically as well as internationally with simple steps. Print Page Previous Next Advertisements ”;

Basics of Computer Science – System ”; Previous Next A computer system is an integrated form of different components that work together to give a desirable result. It has different component and each works for a specific purpose; however, they generate a common result as required by the user. Components of Computer System Let us now understand the following basic components of a computer system. Hardware Software Humanware Firmware Bridgeware Hardware The physical components collectively form the hardware of a computer system. Hardware comprises of the equipment that helps in the working system of the computer. Following are the different types of hardware components (which have specific functions) − Monitor − It displays (visual) the result. CPU − It is the Central Processing Unit that controls the computer’s functions and transmits data. Motherboard − It is mainly accountable to establish communication between components and transmission of information. RAM − It is the Random Access Memory and responsible for the storage of programs that are currently running and also stores data temporarily. Hard Disk Drive − It is a permanent memory storage device. Floppy Disk Drive − It is hardly being used in recent times. Optical disks − It is a device that also store data. For example, CD, DVD, etc. Input & Output Device The following table categorically lists down the input and output device − Input Device Output Device Input Device Output Device Mouse Monitor Microphone Speaker Keyboard Printer Camera Earphone Scanner Projector Trackball Monitor Touchpad Plotter Joystick Monitor Software The hardware components can only function when software components are added to the computer system. Software is a program that performs different commands given by a user. Software is an intangible part of hardware and controls the sequence of operations. Types of Software Depending on the basic features and functionality, software can be categorized as − Operating Systems (OS) Application Software (AS) E-accessibility Software Let us now discuss the software components in brief. Operating System This software helps to load the basic program automatically as soon as the computer is started. Following are the major types of operating system − Operating Software Examples Microsoft Windows XP, Vista, etc. Mac OS X Panther, Cheetah, Snow leopard, etc. Linux Debian, Ubuntu, Fedora, Knoppix, etc. Application Software The software, which can be used on an installed operating system, is known as application software. Following are the significant examples of application software − Application Software Examples Office programs Microsoft Office, OpenOffice, LibreOffice, etc. Web browser Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, Opera, Safari, etc. Antivirus Program Norton, McAfee, Quick Heal, Avira, Kaspersky, etc. E-accessibility Software The E-accessibility software components additional facilities to users such as − Voice recognition software Screen reader Magnifying tool On-screen keyboard Video games Learning software, etc. Print Page Previous Next Advertisements ”;