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This chapter teaches you how to manage a web based project using Maven. Here you will learn how to create/build/deploy and run a web application.
Create Web Application
To create a simple java web application, we will use maven-archetype-webapp plugin. So, let”s open the command console, go to the C:MVN directory and execute the following mvn command.
C:MVN>mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId = com.companyname.automobile -DartifactId = trucks -DarchetypeArtifactId = maven-archetype-webapp -DinteractiveMode = false
Maven will start processing and will create the complete web based java application project structure as follows −
C:MVN>mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=com.companyname.automobile -DartifactId=trucks -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp -DinteractiveMode=false [INFO] Scanning for projects... [INFO] [INFO] ------------------< org.apache.maven:standalone-pom >------------------- [INFO] Building Maven Stub Project (No POM) 1 [INFO] --------------------------------[ pom ]--------------------------------- ... [INFO] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] Using following parameters for creating project from Old (1.x) Archetype: maven-archetype-webapp:1.0 [INFO] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] Parameter: basedir, Value: C:MVN [INFO] Parameter: package, Value: com.companyname.automobile [INFO] Parameter: groupId, Value: com.companyname.automobile [INFO] Parameter: artifactId, Value: trucks [INFO] Parameter: packageName, Value: com.companyname.automobile [INFO] Parameter: version, Value: 1.0-SNAPSHOT [INFO] project created from Old (1.x) Archetype in dir: C:MVNtrucks [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 10.381 s [INFO] Finished at: 2021-12-13T19:00:13+05:30 [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ C:MVN>
Now go to C:/MVN directory. You”ll see a java application project created, named trucks (as specified in artifactId) as specified in the following snapshot. The following directory structure is generally used for web applications −
Maven uses a standard directory layout. Using the above example, we can understand the following key concepts −
Sr.No. | Folder Structure & Description |
---|---|
1 |
trucks
contains src folder and pom.xml. |
2 |
src/main/webapp
contains index.jsp and WEB-INF folder. |
3 |
src/main/webapp/WEB-INF
contains web.xml |
4 |
src/main/resources
it contains images/properties files. |
POM.xml
<project xmlns = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.companyname.automobile</groupId> <artifactId>trucks</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>trucks Maven Webapp</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>trucks</finalName> </build> </project>
If you observe, you will find that Maven also created a sample JSP Source file.
Open C: > MVN > trucks > src > main > webapp > folder to see index.jsp with the following code −
<html> <body> <h2>Hello World!</h2> </body> </html>
Build Web Application
Let”s open the command console, go to the C:MVNtrucks directory and execute the following mvn command.
C:MVNtrucks>mvn clean package
Maven will start building the project.
C:MVNtrucks>mvn clean package [INFO] Scanning for projects... [INFO] [INFO] -----------------< com.companyname.automobile:trucks >------------------ [INFO] Building trucks Maven Webapp 1.0-SNAPSHOT [INFO] --------------------------------[ war ]--------------------------------- [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:2.5:clean (default-clean) @ trucks --- [INFO] Deleting C:MVNtruckstarget [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ trucks --- [WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] Copying 0 resource [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ trucks --- [INFO] No sources to compile [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ trucks --- [WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent! [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:MVNtruckssrctestresources [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ trucks --- [INFO] No sources to compile [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ trucks --- [INFO] No tests to run. [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-war-plugin:2.2:war (default-war) @ trucks --- WARNING: An illegal reflective access operation has occurred WARNING: Illegal reflective access by com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.util.Fields (file:/C:/Users/intel/.m2/repository/com/thoughtworks/xstream/xstream/1.3.1/xstream-1.3.1.jar) to field java.util.Properties.defaults WARNING: Please consider reporting this to the maintainers of com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.util.Fields WARNING: Use --illegal-access=warn to enable warnings of further illegal reflective access operations WARNING: All illegal access operations will be denied in a future release [INFO] Packaging webapp [INFO] Assembling webapp [trucks] in [C:MVNtruckstargettrucks] [INFO] Processing war project [INFO] Copying webapp resources [C:MVNtruckssrcmainwebapp] [INFO] Webapp assembled in [50 msecs] [INFO] Building war: C:MVNtruckstargettrucks.war [INFO] WEB-INFweb.xml already added, skipping [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 2.494 s [INFO] Finished at: 2021-12-13T19:02:15+05:30 [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ C:MVNtrucks>
Deploy Web Application
Now copy the trucks.war created in C: > MVN > trucks > target > folder to your webserver webapp directory and restart the webserver.
Test Web Application
Run the web-application using URL: http://<server-name>:<port-number>/trucks/index.jsp.
Verify the output.
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